Pope Francis Daily

VATICAN CITY (CNS) — Promoting the secretary of the Congregation for
the Doctrine of the Faith to the office of prefect, Pope Francis chose not to
ask German Cardinal Gerhard Muller to serve a second five-year term in the
post.

The Vatican announced July 1 that the pope chose as prefect Spanish
Archbishop Luis Ladaria Ferrer, 73, a Jesuit theologian who had been appointed
secretary of the congregation in 2008 by then-Pope Benedict XVI.

“The Holy Father Francis thanked His Eminence Cardinal Gerhard
Ludwig Muller at the conclusion of his quinquennial mandate,” the Vatican
announcement said. No new position was announced for Cardinal Muller, who at 69
is still more than five years away from the normal retirement age for a bishop.

Anticipating an announcement of the pope’s decision June 30, both the
English Rorate Caeli blog and the Italian Corrispondenza Romana blog presented
the pope’s move as a dismissal of the German cardinal, who originally was
appointed to the post by now-retired Pope Benedict XVI.

Pope Francis had met that morning with Cardinal Muller, whose five-year
term was to end July 2.

Both Rorate Caeli and Corrispondenza Romana implied Cardinal Muller was
let go because he insisted that divorced and civilly remarried Catholics could
not receive Communion unless they made a commitment to abstain from sexual
relations with their new partners. Other bishops and bishops’ conferences have
read Pope Francis’ exhortation on the family, “Amoris Laetitia,” as
presenting a process of discernment that in certain circumstances could allow
some couples to return to the sacraments.

Cardinal Mueller told the German daily, Allgemeine Zeitung, that “There
were no disagreements between Pope Francis and me” and that there had been
no dispute over “Amoris Laetitia,” the newspaper reported July 2. The
cardinal spoke with reporters while he was in Mainz celebrating his 50th high
school reunion July 1 and Mass July 2 commemorating the 29th anniversary of the
death of Cardinal Hermann Volk of Mainz, who ordained him to the priesthood in
1978.

According to the interview with Allgemeine Zeitung, the cardinal said
the pope’s decision had been unexpected since such terms were usually renewed,
but that he was not bothered by it.

“I do not mind,” he said, adding that “everyone has to
stop” at some point.

“The five-year term had now expired,” he said. The cardinal
told the newspaper that Pope Francis wanted, in general, to limit the term of
office to five years and he just happened to be the first person to which the
new standard applied.

However, he said he regretted losing three staff members of the doctrinal
congregation after Pope Francis let them go “a few weeks ago,”
according to the German newspaper. “They were competent people,” the
cardinal said.

He said he would stay in Rome and continue working in pastoral care and
continue scholarly, academic pursuits — “continue my role as a cardinal.”
He is a member of the congregations for Eastern Churches, for Institutes of
Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, and for Catholic Education.
He is a member of the pontifical councils for Legislative Texts, for Promoting
Christian Unity and for Culture.

“I have plenty to do in Rome,” he said, even though at the
age of 69, he said, “I would normally already be retired.”

Cardinal Muller was the first Vatican official formally confirmed in
his post by Pope Francis after his election in 2013 and was among the 19
churchmen named cardinals that year by Pope Francis.

The prefect of the doctrinal congregation is responsible for promoting
the correct interpretation of Catholic doctrine and theology; his office also
is responsible for conducting investigations of clergy accused of sexually
abusing minors.

Resigning from the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors,
Marie Collins, one of the founding members and the last remaining abuse survivor
on the commission, said members of the Roman Curia were reluctant to implement
the commission’s recommendations and she particularly cited Cardinal Muller.

Speaking to reporters in May on his flight from Fatima, Portugal, to
Rome, Pope Francis said Collins was “a little bit right” because of
the slow pace of investigating so many cases of alleged abuse.

However, the pope said the delays were due to the need to draft new
legislation and to the fact that few people have been trained to investigate
allegations of abuse. Cardinal Muller and Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Vatican
secretary of state, he added, were looking “for new people.”

As head of the doctrinal congregation, the prefect also serves as
president the Pontifical Biblical Commission, the International Theological
Commission and the Pontifical Commission “Ecclesia Dei,” which is
responsible for the pastoral care of traditionalist Catholics and for the
ongoing reconciliation talks with the Society of St. Pius X.

The new prefect, Archbishop Ladaria, was appointed congregation
secretary by Pope Benedict after having worked with him as a member of the
International Theological Commission in 1992-1997, as a consultant to the
doctrinal congregation from 1995 to 2008 and as secretary general of the theological
commission from 2004 until being named congregation secretary.

Archbishop Ladaria was born in Manacor, Mallorca, April 19, 1944, and
earned a law degree at the University of Madrid before entering the Society of
Jesus in 1966. After theology and philosophy studies in Spain and Germany, he
was ordained to the priesthood July 29, 1973.

He earned a doctorate in theology from the Pontifical Gregorian
University in Rome in 1975 and began teaching dogmatic theology at the
Pontifical University Comillas in Madrid. Nine years later, he began teaching
at the Gregorian and served as vice rector of the university from 1986 to 1994.

Before the debate over “Amoris Laetitia,” Cardinal Muller
made headlines for his role in the Vatican critique of the U.S.-based Leadership
Conference of Women Religious and for his friendship with Dominican Father
Gustavo Gutierrez, considered the father of liberation theology.

In 2004, he co-authored a book, “On the Side of the Poor: The
Theology of Liberation,” with Father Gutierrez. In the 1990s, when
then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger headed the congregation before becoming Pope
Benedict, Father Gutierrez was asked by the congregation to write and rewrite
articles clarifying some of his theological and pastoral points.

In a 2012 interview with the Vatican newspaper, then-Archbishop Muller
said he was invited to participate in a seminar with Father Gutierrez in 1988,
and he went “with some reservations” because the doctrinal
congregation had criticized aspects of liberation theology that it said were
too influenced by Marxist ideology.

“One must distinguish between an erroneous and a correct
liberation theology,” Archbishop Muller told the newspaper. While a
Catholic must reject Marxist ideas and analysis, he said, “we must ask
ourselves sincerely: How can we speak about the love and mercy of God in the
face of the suffering of so many people who do not have food, water, medical
care; who don’t know how to give their own children a future; where human
dignity really is lacking; where human rights are ignored by the powerful?”

Before being named prefect of the doctrinal congregation, Cardinal
Muller had served five years as one of its members and had been a member of the
International Theological Commission from 1998 to 2003. Pope Benedict led both
bodies until 2005, when he was elected pontiff.

Cardinal Muller has close ties to retired Pope Benedict and in 2008
helped establish the Pope Benedict XVI Institute, which is publishing a
complete collection of works by the German-born pope and theologian.

When he was appointed prefect of the doctrinal congregation by Pope
Benedict in 2012, he told the Vatican newspaper his job in Rome would be “to
relieve part of his work and not bring him problems that can be resolved”
at the level of the congregation. “The Holy Father has the important
mission of proclaiming the Gospel and confirming his brothers and sisters in
the faith. It’s up to us to deal with the less pleasant matters so that he will
not be burdened with too many things, although, naturally, he always will be
informed of important matters.”

Cardinal Muller is a native of Mainz, Germany. He was ordained to the
priesthood in 1978 and served in his native diocese as a chaplain and high
school religion teacher. With degrees in philosophy and a doctorate in
theology, he was a professor of dogmatic theology in Munich from 1986 to 2002.

He was named bishop of Regensburg in 2002 and then-Cardinal Ratzinger
attended his episcopal ordination. Then-Bishop Muller chose as his episcopal
motto “Dominus Iesus” (Jesus Is Lord), which comes from St. Paul’s
Letter to the Romans and is the title of the 2000 document on salvation through
Christ alone, issued by the doctrinal congregation under then-Cardinal
Ratzinger.